And what was the requirement in that connection?
Mr. DE MOHRENSCHILDT. Just to come there when they called you, and go with the Army--summer maneuvers, summer exercises. I think I did that twice. I don't recall.

Mr. Jenner.

And this was still in the cavalry?
Mr. DE MOHRENSCHILDT. Still in the cavalry.

Mr. Jenner.

Were you ultimately commissioned?
Mr. DE MOHRENSCHILDT. No; always stayed a sergeant.

Mr. Jenner.

You entered the institute of----
Mr. DE MOHRENSCHILDT. By the way, which was a commission--that is very hard to explain to you. It is like midshipman in the Navy. That is what it is. And since I did not pursue the military career. I remained a candidate officer.

Mr. Jenner.

All right.
Mr. DE MOHRENSCHILDT. I was not disqualified for any reason. On the contrary, I was the best actually, if I may say so.

Mr. Jenner.

Let me pass for a moment in this connection so we can get it on the record here your brother, Dimitri, 11 years older than you, he also devoted his time to the service, but to the Navy.
Mr. DE MOHRENSCHILDT. Yes.

Mr. Jenner.

Now, that was the Russian Czarist Navy, was it not?
Mr. DE MOHRENSCHILDT. That is right.

Mr. Jenner.

And tell us about that, please.
Mr. DE MOHRENSCHILDT. Well, he joined the naval academy when I think he was 11 or 12 years old. That is what they have out there. They start very young. Do you want a little bit of the background of my brother?

Mr. Jenner.

Yes, sir; go right ahead.
Mr. DE MOHRENSCHILDT. He is really a ferocious anti-Communist, so you would be very happy to hear about that. He was in the Russian Imperial Navy, became a midshipman.

Mr. Jenner.

Give me some dates.
Mr. DE MOHRENSCHILDT. Well, he was a midshipman in 1918, in Sebastopol, which is the headquarters there.

Mr. Jenner.

Now, he was born March 29, 1902, in St. Petersburg, Russia.
Mr. DE MOHRENSCHILDT. Yes. I thought he was born in 1900.

Mr. Jenner.

Well, his records at the passport office give his birth as March 29, 1902, and he gives his birth in his biographical material at Dartmouth and Yale.
Mr. DE MOHRENSCHILDT. Well, anyway, he was a young edition of a midshipman. He was a midshipman in 1918, which is like graduation from Annapolis here.

Mr. Jenner.

And did he actually serve in the Czarist Navy?
Mr. DE MOHRENSCHILDT. All the time you are in that school you are in the navy, all the time even when you are 12 years old, you are a member of the navy. It is not like here.

Mr. Jenner.

Did he participate in World War I, in the late 1918 period of fighting.
Mr. DE MOHRENSCHILDT. Yes.

Mr. Jenner.

Do you recall where?
Mr. DE MOHRENSCHILDT. I don't recall where. He joined anti-Communist groups, was finally caught by the Communists, and sentenced to death in a town called Smolensk.
Here we were coming back to our--we were already in Minsk at the time, that was not too far. My brother was in Smolensk in jail, in a Communist jail. My father also in jail. And I was the only one at liberty. And my mother was running around trying to help both of them.
My brother was sentenced to be shot. He was put to the wall and they told him, "You will be shot when they say three, and they would say one, two--he was supposed to disclose the names of his accomplices.
Now, I do not recall; Yes, yes. The Polish Government exchanged him against a Communist. They made an exchange. They had some Communist prisoners,

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