Mr. Eisenberg.

Were you able to find identifying marks on the brass as well as the primer on this cartridge case?

Mr. Frazier.

No; I did not notice any marks on the brass portions outside of the primer.

Mr. Eisenberg.

Is that typical of cartridge-case identification?

Mr. Frazier.

Generally that is true, unless there is a great pressure, unless the brass of the cartridge case is soft, or unless the marks are very sharp on the breech face; then they will be impressed into the brass.

Mr. Eisenberg.

This picture represents only a portion of the primer. You examined the entire primer to make your identification?

Mr. Frazier.

Yes, sir.

Mr. Eisenberg.

And found?

Mr. Frazier.

It would not have been necessary to examine the entire primer necessarily, but of course we do examine the entire primer, pick out all of the marks on the left and the right, and rotate the cartridge cases and look at them from various angles, before arriving at a conclusion.

Mr. Eisenberg.

Can you amplify the meaning of the statement that it would not be necessary to examine the entire primer?

Mr. Frazier.

There are sufficient marks shown in this photograph upon which to base an identification. In other words, it would not be necessary to have the rest of the primer if it had been mutilated or destroyed or some thing of that nature.

Mr. Eisenberg.

Did you also examine the firing-pin impression in the cartridge?

Mr. Frazier.

Yes, sir.

Mr. Eisenberg.

Did you take a picture of that examination?

Mr. Frazier.

Yes. Here is the photograph of the firing-pin impression, again on the left the rifle, and on the right the cartridge case, Commission's 543.

Mr. Eisenberg.

That bears the number C-14 and C-6, corresponding to the numbers on Commission Exhibit 559?

Mr. Frazier.

Yes; it does.

Mr. Eisenberg.

Did you take this photograph or have it taken under your supervision?

Mr. Frazier.

Yes, sir.

Mr. Eisenberg.

What is the magnification of this photograph?

Mr. Frazier.

90 diameters.

Mr. Eisenberg.

Is it equal on both sides?

Mr. Frazier.

Yes.

Mr. Eisenberg.

Mr. Chairman, may I have this admitted?

Mr. Mccloy.

It may be admitted.

Mr. Eisenberg.

That will be 561.
(The item identified as Commission Exhibit No. 561 was received in evidence.)

Mr. Eisenberg.

Could you proceed with the discussion of the circled marks on this photograph, number 561?

Mr. Frazier.

In the case of firing-pin impressions which are shown on Exhibit 561, the marks result from two related sources; excuse me, not sources, but from two related causes, one being the force given to the firing pin driving it into the primer to set off the cartridge, and the second being the force of the powder charge inside the cartridge being driven back--driving the primer back against the firing pin at the same time, so that the metal of the primer is-caused to flow or be stamped by the firing pin and pressed against by the gases, so that any irregularities in the firing pin will be impressed into the primer of the cartridge case.
Number 1 consists of a double horizontal line, one a fairly wide coarse line at the top. Immediately under that approximately one-eighth of an inch is a fairly fine horizontal line.
Circled and marked number 2 is a very coarse, wide ridge, very short in length, approximately one-half an inch, and an eighth to a quarter of an inch